The aorta is the largest artery in the human body, extending from the heart through the chest and into the abdomen. It plays a vital role in carrying oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body.
Aortic diseases primarily affect older adults and become increasingly common with age. These conditions are a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, making early diagnosis and expert management essential for improving outcomes.
Aortic aneurysms usually develop due to weakening of the artery walls over time. Common causes include:
Atherosclerosis (buildup of plaque in the arteries)
Chronic high blood pressure (hypertension)
Genetic disorders such as Marfan syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Infections affecting the artery (e.g., syphilis, mycotic infections)
Trauma or injury to the chest or abdomen
Smoking, which damages blood vessel walls and accelerates arterial aging
Certain factors increase the likelihood of developing an aortic aneurysm:
Age over 60
Male gender
Family history of aortic aneurysm
Smoking history (current or past)
High blood pressure or cholesterol
Connective tissue disorders
Obesity and sedentary lifestyle
Aortic aneurysms often grow slowly and silently, without any noticeable symptoms until they are large or rupture. When symptoms occur, they may include:
Deep, constant pain in the chest, abdomen, or lower back
Pulsating sensation in the abdomen
Shortness of breath, cough, or hoarseness (especially with thoracic aneurysms)
Sudden, severe pain – may indicate a rupture and requires emergency care
Dizziness or fainting in case of internal bleeding
Dr. Yashpal Singh specializes in diagnosing and treating a wide range of aortic and vascular conditions, including:
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)
Swelling in the abdominal portion of the aorta. If left untreated, it can rupture and cause life-threatening bleeding.
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA)
Bulging of the aorta in the chest area, which may lead to chest pain, breathing difficulty, or rupture.
Aortic Dissection
A tear in the inner lining of the aorta causing severe chest or back pain, and requiring urgent care.
Ruptured Aneurysm
A critical emergency that demands immediate surgical intervention to prevent internal bleeding and death.
Aortoiliac Aneurysm
Involves the aorta and iliac arteries, affecting blood flow to the legs and requiring timely repair.
Peripheral Arterial Aneurysms
Localized enlargement of arteries outside the aorta, such as the popliteal or femoral arteries.
Post-Traumatic Aortic Injury
Damage to the aorta due to accidents or blunt trauma, managed through surgical or endovascular repair.